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Lactarius repraesentaneus
''Lactarius repraesentaneus'', commonly known as the northern bearded milkcap, the northern milkcap, or the purple-staining milkcap, is a species of fungus in the Russulaceae family. It has a northerly distribution, and is found in temperate regions of North America and Europe, associated with spruce trees. Distinguishing features of its fruit body include the large orange-yellow cap up to wide, cream to pale yellow gills, and a yellow coarsely-pitted stem that is up to long and thick. Cut fruit bodies ooze a white latex that will stain mushroom tissue lilac to purple. Several chemicals have been isolated and identified from the fruit bodies that can modify the growth of plants, and the mushroom also has antibiotic activity against ''Staphylococcus aureus''. ''L. repraesentaneus'' is poisonous, and consumption causes stomach aches.
==Taxonomy==
''Lactarius repraesentaneus'' was first described by German mycologist Max Britzelmayr in 1885, based on material collected from Bavaria.〔 The variety ''Lactarius scrobiculatus'' var. ''repraesentaneus'', proposed by Killermann in 1933,〔 is considered a synonym.〔 Rolf Singer in 1942 defined the subspecies ''L. repraesentaneus'' ssp. ''speciosus'' to include fruit bodies with matted fibers ("felt") arranged in concentric rings on the cap (zonate), in comparison with the nominate subspecies, where in young specimens the felt was evenly distributed on the cap surface, only becoming zonate at the cap margins in maturity.〔
According to the classification proposed by Lexemuel Ray Hesler and Alexander H. Smith in their 1979 monograph of North American ''Lactarius'' species, ''L. repraesentaneus'' belongs in the stirps ''Speciosus'' of the section ''Aspideini'', of the subgenus ''Piperites'' of genus ''Lactarius''. Other species in stirps ''Speciosus'' include ''L. dispersus'', ''L. subtorminosus'', and ''L. speciosus'', all of which have a hairy cap edge.〔Hesler and Smith, 1979, p. 225.〕 Singer's 1986 classification of the Agaricales does not divide subsection ''Aspideini'' into stirpes, instead grouping ''Lactarius repraesentaneus'' with ''L. aspideus'', ''L. uvidus'', ''L. luridis'', ''L. psammicola'', and ''L. speciosus''.〔
The mushroom is commonly known as the "northern bearded milkcap", the "northern milkcap", or the "purple-staining milkcap".〔 The specific epithet ''repraesentaneus'' is Latin for "well-represented".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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